Thus, in a sentence like "Ella se llama María yo (me llamo) Javier" (Her name is María mine is Javier), that "yo" cannot be omitted unless the topic is being suddenly changed. For example, when listing or introducing several people, each one requires a pronoun (or other demonstrative) to separate this person from the rest. However, there are certain contrastive cases where the pronouns are practically compulsory. ” )įor most native speakers, the unnecessary use of these pronouns often sounds extremely foreign, so something like "Yo me levanté, yo me lavé los dientes y yo me vestí" (I woke up, I brushed my teeth and I got dressed) would sound extremely weird in most dialects, where the first "yo" would probably be omitted in most cases, and the other two would never be used unless a comical effect is sought. ( “ He is from Portugal, but I am from Spain. Emphasized: Él es de Portugal, pero yo soy de España.Thus, the subject pronoun is usually dropped altogether, except when used for emphasis or contrast: Frequently, though, the form of the verb makes the person and number of the subject clear. Nominative forms of Spanish pronouns often serve as the subject of such verbs. Other compound forms such as the present progressive are not considered to be an official conjugation of the verb.Įach of the finite “tenses” is conjugated according to the person and number of the subject. The perfect tenses use the auxiliary verb haber along with the past participle. The finite forms are grouped into seven distinct “simple tenses” (in a general sense of “ tense” that refers to a specific time and a specific mood, although most modern grammars consider many of these forms as products of a tense and an aspect) and seven “perfect tenses”. Present participle: hablante ( “ speaking speaker ” ).Past participle: hablado ( “ spoken ” ).Some verbs also have a present participle, generally considered to be an adjective derived from the verb rather than a form of the verb itself. Each verb has an infinitive, a gerund (functionally quite different from the gerund of English grammar), and a passive perfect participle ( past participle) that can further inflect for number and gender.
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